R

o-o items o-o are in brief format :
o-o receptor tyrosine kinases
o-o regulon
o-o Rho GTPases
o-o

Companion site items :
¤ radiation ¤ Ras סּ Ras ¤ Rb ф receptors סּ receptor control - cytoskeleton סּ receptor proteins סּ receptor-mediated endocytosis ~ receptor tyrosine kinases ◊ receptor tyrosine kinases ~ receptor tyrosine kinases »» Recombination ~ regulation items ₪ regulation - differentiation, gene expression, metabolism ₪ regulation of gene expression and biological evolution~ regulatory proteins § relay proteins ~ replication items ~ replication ~ repressor סּ reproduction ~ research items ~ response elements ~ restriction enzmes ~ retrotransposons ¤ retroviral mechanisms of carcinogenesis ¤ retroviruses ▪▪ retroviruses ~ reverse transcriptase ~ Rho GTPase ~ ribosomes סּ ribosomes ~ ribosomes - internal ribosomal entry site ~ ribosomal structure ~ ribosome shunting ~ ribozymes ~ ribozymes in repair of RNA and DNA ~ RNA ~ RNA items ~ RNA polymerase ~ RNA processing items ~ RNA processing ▪▪ RNA viruses ~ rRNAs ~ RTKs

Alphabetic links to Glossary items:
◦ A ◦ B ◦ C ◦ D ◦ E ◦ F ◦ G ◦ H ◦ I ◦ J ◦ K ◦ L ◦ M ◦ N ◦ O ◦ P ◦ Q ◦ R ◦ S ◦ T ◦ U ◦ V ◦ W ◦ X ◦ Y ◦ Z ◦

Gray Sites • Abiogenesis & Evolution • Algorithms of Evolution ¤ Cancer סּ Cell Biology ~ Chemistry of Life • Cyanobacteria ◊ Enzymes • Evo Devo ф Immunology »» Mechanisms of Evolution ○ Molecular Biology • Origin of Life • Paleogeology • Refuting ID • Serial Endosymbiosis • Stromatolites ^ Taxonomy Phylogeny • Virus • White Sites  Diagrams & Tables • Eubacteria & Archaea • Molecule • Molecular Paths • Pathways • Photosynthesis • Black Sites • Endosymbiosis • Organics •

| 0 Guide-Glossary

receptor tyrosine kinases

Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are involved in signal transduction, and process a variety of environmental and intercellular cues. By contrast, protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs) are non-receptor, cytoplasmic enzymes that catalyze the phosphorylation of tyrosine residues.

Binding of ligands to RTKs leads to phosphorylation of tyrosine residues, creating phosphotyrosine docking sites for proteins that transduce signals within the cell. As central components of cell signaling networks, RTKs play crucial play crucial roles in physiological processes, such as embryogenesis, differentiation, neurite outgrowth, cell proliferation, anti-apoptotic signaling and death of cells (apoptosis).

 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases(RTK)

Alphabetic links to Glossary items:
◦ A ◦ B ◦ C ◦ D ◦ E ◦ F ◦ G ◦ H ◦ I ◦ J ◦ K ◦ L ◦ M ◦ N ◦ O ◦ P ◦ Q ◦ R ◦ S ◦ T ◦ U ◦ V ◦ W ◦ X ◦ Y ◦ Z ◦

Gray Sites • Abiogenesis & Evolution • Algorithms of Evolution • Cell Biology • Chemistry of Life • Cyanobacteria • Enzymes • Evo Devo • Immunology • Mechanisms of Evolution • Molecular Biology • Origin of Life • Paleogeology • Refuting ID • Serial Endosymbiosis • Stromatolites • Taxonomy Phylogeny • Virus • White Sites • Diagrams & Tables • Eubacteria & Archaea • Molecule • Molecular Paths • Pathways • Photosynthesis • Black Sites • Endosymbiosis • Organics •

| 0 Guide-Glossary

regulon

In eukaryotes, a regulon is defined as a group of non-contiguous genes (transcriptional units) that are coordinately controlled by a single regulatory gene – one gene to rule them all.

In bacteria, regulons comprise several operons, and are global regulatory systems that participate in pleiotropic regulatory domains.

| 0 Guide-Glossary

Rho GTPases

Rho GTPases are members of a family of signaling proteins that play central roles as molecular switches in diverse biological processes such as actin cytoskeleton organization, cell cycle regulation, cytoskeleton (cell morphology, cell polarity, cell movement, and alteration of gene expression, progression of cell cycle, chemotaxis, axonal guidance, malignant transformation, and epithelial wound repair.

Glossary : A . B . C . D . E . F . G . H . I . J . K . L . M . N . O . P . Q . R . S . T . U . V . W . X . Y . Z .

Gray Sites • Abiogenesis & Evolution • Algorithms of Evolution • Cell Biology • Chemistry of Life • Cyanobacteria • Enzymes • Evo Devo • Immunology • Mechanisms of Evolution • Molecular Biology • Origin of Life • Paleogeology • Refuting ID • Serial Endosymbiosis • Stromatolites • Taxonomy Phylogeny • Virus • White Sites • Diagrams & Tables • Eubacteria & Archaea • Molecule • Molecular Paths • Pathways • Photosynthesis • Black Sites • Endosymbiosis • Organics •

| 0 Guide-Glossary