B

o-o items o-o are in brief format :
o-o base excision repair o-o Bcl-2 o-o

Links to more detailed items on Companion sites:
ф B cells ~ base ~ bases/nucleobases adenine cytosine guanine thymine uracil + phosphate → nucleotides ~ base excision repair : basic amino acids : basic and acidic amino acids »»» Basic mechanisms of evolution § bifurcation proteins »» Biological Evolution »» Beyond Darwin and Neo-Darwinism »» Bottleneck »»

Molecules and Pathways ››› beta-oxidation

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base excision repair

Base excision repair (BER) is one form of DNA excision repair in which damaged bases or incorrect bases are excised and replaced through the action of specific enzymes. Other modes of DNA repair are mismatch repair and nucleotide excision repair.

The biochemical processes involved in BER are equivalent across species, so bacterial DNA repair functions can operate in eukaryotic cells, and vice versa.

Alphabetic links to Glossary items:◦ A ◦ B ◦ C ◦ D ◦ E ◦ F ◦ G ◦ H ◦ I ◦ J ◦ K ◦ L ◦ M ◦ N ◦ O ◦ P ◦ Q ◦ R ◦ S ◦ T ◦ U ◦ V ◦ W ◦ X ◦ Y ◦ Z ◦ o-o animation index o-o diagram index o-o image index o-o micrograph index o-o table index o-o sem/tem index o-o video index .

Companion Sites : Gray Sites α Abiogenesis & Evolution √ Algorithms of Evolution ¤ Cancer סּ Cell Biology ~ Chemistry of Life Ω Complex Systems ººº Cyanobacteria ◊ Enzymes ₪ Evo Devo Ơ Fat ф Immunology »» Mechanisms of Evolution ○ Molecular Biology ** Origin of Life ◘ Paleogeology ¿ Refuting ID ǒ Serial Endosymbiosis ζζ Sleep • Stromatolites † Taxonomy Phylogeny ۰۰ Virus • White Sites  Diagrams & Tables æ Eubacteria & Archaea φ Molecule → Molecular Paths ››› Pathways ☼ Photosynthesis • Black Sites Ǒ Endosymbiosis ō Organics •

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C

o-o items o-o are in brief format :
o-o cadherins
o-o calmodulin
o-o cAMP-dependent protein kinase
o-o capping
o-o caspases
o-o catabolite gene activator protein
o-o cell adhesion
o-o cellular stress response
o-o chromatin
o-o chromosome
o-o cloroplast (plastid)
o-o cis-acting elements
o-o coding signal
o-o codon
o-o cognate
o-o coincidence detectors
o-o commensal (symbiont, symbiosis)
o-o constitutive
o-o CpG island
o-o cyclin-dependent kinases
o-o cytochrome c
o-o cytokines
o-o cytolysis

Links to more detailed items on Companion sites:
C- ¤ c-Fos ¤ c-Jun ¤ c-Myc CA ◊ cAMP-dependent protein kinase ~ CAMs ~ cadherins סּ cadherin- cytoskeleton ¤ Cancer ф cancer and immune system ф cancers of immune system ~ cap-dependent translation initiation ~ capping ¤ carcinogenesis סּ caspases ₪ cassette exons סּ catenins - cytoskeleton CD ф CD CE ~ cell adhesion molecules  Cell Adhesion Molecules ₪ cell cycle סּ cell-cycle control סּ cell growth סּ cell membranes סּ cell motility ₪ cellular fate סּ cellular signal transduction  Cell signaling סּ cellular stress response ~ cellular stress response ₪ cellular survival סּ centrioles CH סּ chemotaxis סּ chloroplast ~ chromosome items ~ chromosome סּ chromosomes CI סּ cilia ~ cis versus trans-acting factors CL ф clonal selection CO ~ codon ~ Cofactors, Coenzymes, Intermediates~ cofactor סּ communication ф complement system סּ concentration gradients »» Conjugation »» Conjugation »» Consensus »» Conjugation »» conserved »» Conserved & Consensus CY ◊ cyclin-dependent kinases ~ cyclin-dependent kinases ~ cytokines ~ cytokine receptors  Cytokines - Immune סּ cytoplasm ~ cytosine adenine guanine thymine uracil bases סּ cytoskeleton .

Molecules and Pathways ››› Calvin cycle ››› C-3 ››› C-4 ››› CAM φ cAMP
››› choline-folate-methionine φ Cofactors, Coenzymes, Intermediates •: Crassulacean Acid Metabolism φ cysteine φ cytosine φ C to T φ C to U

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