translation

Translation is the ultimate step in gene expression, in which archival genetic instructions that have been transcribed from DNA into RNA are converted into sequences of amino acids in peptides, polypeptides, and proteins at cytoplasmic ribosomes. Translation involves initiation, elongation, and termination steps.

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~ cap-dependent ~ cap-dependent translation initiation סּ eukaryotic ~ internal ribosomal entry ~ internal ribosomal entry site ~ IRES סּ prokaryotes ~ ribosomal shunt initiation pathway ~ ribosome shunting ~ ribozyme ~ translation : elongation : initiation : termination ~ translation elongation ~ translation initiation ~ translation termination ~ tRNAs .

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